最近、繰り返しのカチッと音がし始めた古いiMac 2011には、1TBのハードドライブがあります。これは、CD-ROMがCDの「スクラッチ」表面を読み取ろうとするのと似ています。最近、コンピュータはOSの起動を停止し、引き続きOSを「ロード」しようとしましたが（起動中にAppleのロゴと一般的な進行状況が表示されます）、成功しませんでした。もちろん、コンピュータで大きなクリック音が聞こえ続けています。オペレーティングシステム運転する。
サムドライブからLinuxで起動しましたが、すべてがうまく機能しました（実際にはライブOSから起動しました）。だからディスクドライブに問題があると思います。ハードドライブ上のすべてのパーティションを実行しgpartedて削除しましたが、1TBのスペース全体がunallocated空き容量になりました。
また、Linux（1TBハードドライブ）にはdisks次の情報が表示されます。/dev/sdc
Model: ST3100.....{snip}
Size: 1.0 TB
Partitioning: GUID Partition Table
Serial Number: {snip}
Assessment: Disk is OK, 193 bad sectors (41 C / 106 F)
fdisk /dev/sdc次の「パーティション」が表示されます。
Disk /dev/sdc: 931.5 GiB, 1000204886016 bytes, 1953525168 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: E6EC552A-CB25-4BA6-{snip}
Linuxディスクをごみ箱に捨てる前に回復できないようにするために使用できるツールや技術はありますか？つまり、193個の不良セクタが見えますが、これはディスクを回復できないという意味ですか？不良セクタが回復したり、使用されなくなるようにソフトウェアを使用してドライブをフォーマットすることはできますか？しかし、ディスクの残りの部分は引き続き使用できますか？
追加情報：ドライブからデータを回復することに興味はありません。ディスクの状態を確認するために、ここで提案したツールの結果を表示できます。
要求どおりに以下を出力しますsmartctl。
smartctl 6.6 2016-05-31 r4324 [x86_64-linux-4.9.0-kali3-amd64] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-16, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family: Seagate Barracuda 7200.12
Device Model: ST31000528AS
Serial Number: 9VPCC73A
LU WWN Device Id: 5 000c50 0352fcbe7
Firmware Version: AP4C
User Capacity: 1,000,204,886,016 bytes [1.00 TB]
Sector Size: 512 bytes logical/physical
Rotation Rate: 7200 rpm
Device is: In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
ATA Version is: ATA8-ACS T13/1699-D revision 4
SATA Version is: SATA 2.6, 3.0 Gb/s
Local Time is: Tue Nov 7 05:09:13 2017 UTC
==> WARNING: A firmware update for this drive may be available,
see the following Seagate web pages:
http://knowledge.seagate.com/articles/en_US/FAQ/207931en
http://knowledge.seagate.com/articles/en_US/FAQ/213891en
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
See vendor-specific Attribute list for marginal Attributes.
General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status: (0x82) Offline data collection activity
was completed without error.
Auto Offline Data Collection: Enabled.
Self-test execution status: ( 0) The previous self-test routine completed
without error or no self-test has ever
been run.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection: ( 600) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities: (0x7b) SMART execute Offline immediate.
Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
Suspend Offline collection upon new
command.
Offline surface scan supported.
Self-test supported.
Conveyance Self-test supported.
Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
power-saving mode.
Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported.
General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 1) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 168) minutes.
Conveyance self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 2) minutes.
SCT capabilities: (0x103f) SCT Status supported.
SCT Error Recovery Control supported.
SCT Feature Control supported.
SCT Data Table supported.
SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 10
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x000e 097 096 006 Old_age Always - 209127852
3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0003 100 100 000 Pre-fail Always - 0
4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0032 094 094 020 Old_age Always - 6487
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 100 100 036 Pre-fail Always - 21
7 Seek_Error_Rate 0x000f 081 060 030 Pre-fail Always - 134452477
9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 080 080 000 Old_age Always - 17788
10 Spin_Retry_Count 0x0013 100 100 097 Pre-fail Always - 0
12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 094 094 020 Old_age Always - 6155
184 End-to-End_Error 0x0032 100 100 099 Old_age Always - 0
187 Reported_Uncorrect 0x0032 001 001 000 Old_age Always - 180
188 Command_Timeout 0x0032 100 098 000 Old_age Always - 12885098501
189 High_Fly_Writes 0x003a 099 099 000 Old_age Always - 1
190 Airflow_Temperature_Cel 0x0022 054 042 045 Old_age Always In_the_past 46 (Min/Max 31/49 #21)
194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0022 046 058 000 Old_age Always - 46 (0 16 0 0 0)
195 Hardware_ECC_Recovered 0x001a 042 027 000 Old_age Always - 209127852
197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0012 096 096 000 Old_age Always - 172
198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0010 096 096 000 Old_age Offline - 172
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x003e 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
SMART Error Log Version: 1
ATA Error Count: 1207 (device log contains only the most recent five errors)
CR = Command Register [HEX]
FR = Features Register [HEX]
SC = Sector Count Register [HEX]
SN = Sector Number Register [HEX]
CL = Cylinder Low Register [HEX]
CH = Cylinder High Register [HEX]
DH = Device/Head Register [HEX]
DC = Device Command Register [HEX]
ER = Error register [HEX]
ST = Status register [HEX]
Powered_Up_Time is measured from power on, and printed as
DDd+hh:mm:SS.sss where DD=days, hh=hours, mm=minutes,
SS=sec, and sss=millisec. It "wraps" after 49.710 days.
Error 1207 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 17785 hours (741 days + 1 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 00 ff ff ff 0f Error: UNC at LBA = 0x0fffffff = 268435455
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
25 00 20 ff ff ff ef 00 00:00:07.936 READ DMA EXT
25 00 01 ff ff ff ef 00 00:00:03.967 READ DMA EXT
25 00 20 02 00 00 e0 00 00:00:03.966 READ DMA EXT
25 00 01 01 00 00 e0 00 00:00:03.966 READ DMA EXT
25 00 01 00 00 00 e0 00 00:00:03.965 READ DMA EXT
Error 1206 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 17785 hours (741 days + 1 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 00 ff ff ff 0f Error: UNC at LBA = 0x0fffffff = 268435455
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
25 00 01 ff ff ff ef 00 00:00:07.331 READ DMA EXT
25 00 01 02 00 00 e0 00 00:00:07.330 READ DMA EXT
25 00 01 00 00 00 e0 00 00:00:07.320 READ DMA EXT
ef 03 46 00 00 00 e0 00 00:00:07.310 SET FEATURES [Set transfer mode]
ef 03 0a 00 00 00 e0 00 00:00:07.310 SET FEATURES [Set transfer mode]
Error 1205 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 17785 hours (741 days + 1 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 00 ff ff ff 0f Error: UNC at LBA = 0x0fffffff = 268435455
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
25 00 20 ff ff ff ef 00 00:01:44.372 READ DMA EXT
25 00 01 ff ff ff ef 00 00:01:43.782 READ DMA EXT
25 00 01 01 00 00 e0 00 00:01:43.781 READ DMA EXT
25 00 01 00 00 00 e0 00 00:01:41.711 READ DMA EXT
25 00 01 ff ff ff ef 00 00:01:40.898 READ DMA EXT
Error 1204 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 17785 hours (741 days + 1 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 00 ff ff ff 0f Error: UNC at LBA = 0x0fffffff = 268435455
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
25 00 01 ff ff ff ef 00 00:01:36.868 READ DMA EXT
00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ff 00:01:31.569 NOP [Abort queued commands]
ea 00 00 00 00 00 e0 00 00:00:08.220 FLUSH CACHE EXT
35 00 20 ff ff ff ef 00 00:00:08.220 WRITE DMA EXT
25 00 20 02 00 00 e0 00 00:00:08.119 READ DMA EXT
Error 1203 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 17785 hours (741 days + 1 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 00 ff ff ff 0f Error: UNC at LBA = 0x0fffffff = 268435455
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
25 00 01 ff ff ff ef 00 00:00:05.290 READ DMA EXT
25 00 01 02 00 00 e0 00 00:00:05.289 READ DMA EXT
25 00 01 00 00 00 e0 00 00:00:05.283 READ DMA EXT
ef 03 46 00 00 00 e0 00 00:00:05.273 SET FEATURES [Set transfer mode]
ef 03 0a 00 00 00 e0 00 00:00:05.273 SET FEATURES [Set transfer mode]
SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
No self-tests have been logged. [To run self-tests, use: smartctl -t]
SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1
SPAN MIN_LBA MAX_LBA CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
1 0 0 Not_testing
2 0 0 Not_testing
3 0 0 Not_testing
4 0 0 Not_testing
5 0 0 Not_testing
Selective self-test flags (0x0):
After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.
答え1
「繰り返しクリックする音」は、ドライブが特定のブロックを読み取ることができないため、読み書きヘッドの位置を変更したいということです。 CD-ROMが傷付きCDに対してこれを行うのと同じ理由は、特定のセクションを読み取ることができないため、レーザヘッドの位置を変更するためです。
いくつかのSMART値について説明します。 100に正規化されており、値が低いほど悪くなります。
7 Seek_Error_Rate 0x000f 081 060 030 Pre-fail Always - 134452477
かなりの検索エラー（80）が発生し、最悪のエラーは60です。
190 Airflow_Temperature_Cel 0x0022 054 042 045 Old_age Always In_the_past 46 (Min/Max 31/49 #21)
194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0022 046 058 000 Old_age Always - 46 (0 16 0 0 0)
過去のある時点で、ドライブが高すぎる（54）しきい値（42 < 45）を超えました。
195 Hardware_ECC_Recovered 0x001a 042 027 000 Old_age Always - 209127852
ドライブにはすでに広範なエラー回復が必要です。
その結果、ドライブが老朽化して破損しています。ドライブを消去してデータが必要ないので、そのドライブを捨てて新しいドライブを購入してください。ドライブを引き続き使用すると、一部のデータが確実に失われます。