今日Debianをインストールし、興味深い事実を発見しました。たとえば、私がそうするなら
$ apt-key list
/etc/apt/trusted.gpg
--------------------
pub rsa4096 2019-04-15 [SC] [expires: 2024-04-13]
12D4 CD60 0C22 40A9 F4A8 2071 D7B0 B669 41D0 1538
uid [ unknown] riot.im packages <[email protected]>
sub rsa3072 2019-04-15 [S] [expires: 2021-04-14]
pub rsa4096 2019-04-15 [SC] [expires: 2024-04-13]
AAF9 AE84 3A75 84B5 A3E4 CD2B CF45 A512 DE2D A058
uid [ unknown] matrix.org packages <[email protected]>
sub rsa3072 2019-04-15 [S] [expires: 2021-04-14]
pub rsa4096 2017-05-22 [SC] [expires: 2025-05-20]
E1CF 20DD FFE4 B89E 8026 58F1 E0B1 1894 F66A EC98
uid [ unknown] Debian Archive Automatic Signing Key (9/stretch) <[email protected]>
sub rsa4096 2017-05-22 [S] [expires: 2025-05-20]
pub rsa4096 2014-11-21 [SC] [expires: 2022-11-19]
D211 6914 1CEC D440 F2EB 8DDA 9D6D 8F6B C857 C906
uid [ unknown] Debian Security Archive Automatic Signing Key (8/jessie) <[email protected]>
/etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/debian-archive-buster-automatic.gpg
----------------------------------------------------------
pub rsa4096 2019-04-14 [SC] [expires: 2027-04-12]
80D1 5823 B7FD 1561 F9F7 BCDD DC30 D7C2 3CBB ABEE
uid [ unknown] Debian Archive Automatic Signing Key (10/buster) <[email protected]>
sub rsa4096 2019-04-14 [S] [expires: 2027-04-12]
/etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/debian-archive-buster-security-automatic.gpg
-------------------------------------------------------------------
pub rsa4096 2019-04-14 [SC] [expires: 2027-04-12]
5E61 B217 265D A980 7A23 C5FF 4DFA B270 CAA9 6DFA
uid [ unknown] Debian Security Archive Automatic Signing Key (10/buster) <[email protected]>
sub rsa4096 2019-04-14 [S] [expires: 2027-04-12]
/etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/debian-archive-buster-stable.gpg
-------------------------------------------------------
pub rsa4096 2019-02-05 [SC] [expires: 2027-02-03]
6D33 866E DD8F FA41 C014 3AED DCC9 EFBF 77E1 1517
uid [ unknown] Debian Stable Release Key (10/buster) <[email protected]>
debian-busterを使うとき、なぜJessieとStretchキーがあるのか疑問に思います。上記の2つのキーは次のとおりです。
pub rsa4096 2017-05-22 [SC] [expires: 2025-05-20]
E1CF 20DD FFE4 B89E 8026 58F1 E0B1 1894 F66A EC98
uid [ unknown] Debian Archive Automatic Signing Key (9/stretch) <[email protected]>
sub rsa4096 2017-05-22 [S] [expires: 2025-05-20]
pub rsa4096 2014-11-21 [SC] [expires: 2022-11-19]
D211 6914 1CEC D440 F2EB 8DDA 9D6D 8F6B C857 C906
uid [ unknown] Debian Security Archive Automatic Signing Key (8/jessie) <[email protected]>
以下を使用してキーを削除しました。
$ sudo apt-key del E1CF20DDFFE4B89E802658F1E0B11894F66AEC98
また -
$ sudo apt-key del D21169141CECD440F2EB8DDA9D6D8F6BC857C906
両方の鍵を削除すると、公開鍵エラーが発生します。
$ sudo apt update
Hit:1 http://cdn-fastly.deb.debian.org/debian buster InRelease
Err:1 http://cdn-fastly.deb.debian.org/debian buster InRelease
The following signatures couldn't be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY 7638D0442B90D010 NO_PUBKEY 04EE7237B7D453EC
Hit:2 http://cdn-fastly.deb.debian.org/debian-security buster/updates InRelease
Err:2 http://cdn-fastly.deb.debian.org/debian-security buster/updates InRelease
The following signatures couldn't be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY 9D6D8F6BC857C906 NO_PUBKEY AA8E81B4331F7F50
Hit:3 http://cdn-fastly.deb.debian.org/debian unstable InRelease
Err:3 http://cdn-fastly.deb.debian.org/debian unstable InRelease
The following signatures couldn't be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY 7638D0442B90D010 NO_PUBKEY 04EE7237B7D453EC
Hit:4 http://cdn-fastly.deb.debian.org/debian experimental InRelease
Err:4 http://cdn-fastly.deb.debian.org/debian experimental InRelease
The following signatures couldn't be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY 7638D0442B90D010 NO_PUBKEY 04EE7237B7D453EC
Hit:5 http://debug.mirrors.debian.org/debian-debug buster-debug InRelease
Err:5 http://debug.mirrors.debian.org/debian-debug buster-debug InRelease
The following signatures couldn't be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY 7638D0442B90D010 NO_PUBKEY 04EE7237B7D453EC
Hit:6 http://debug.mirrors.debian.org/debian-debug unstable-debug InRelease
Hit:7 http://debug.mirrors.debian.org/debian-debug experimental-debug InRelease
Err:6 http://debug.mirrors.debian.org/debian-debug unstable-debug InRelease
The following signatures couldn't be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY 7638D0442B90D010 NO_PUBKEY 04EE7237B7D453EC
Err:7 http://debug.mirrors.debian.org/debian-debug experimental-debug InRelease
The following signatures couldn't be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY 7638D0442B90D010 NO_PUBKEY 04EE7237B7D453EC
Hit:8 https://packages.riot.im/debian buster InRelease
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
3 packages can be upgraded. Run 'apt list --upgradable' to see them.
W: An error occurred during the signature verification. The repository is not updated and the previous index files will be used. GPG error: http://cdn-fastly.deb.debian.org/debian buster InRelease: The following signatures couldn't be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY 7638D0442B90D010 NO_PUBKEY 04EE7237B7D453EC
W: An error occurred during the signature verification. The repository is not updated and the previous index files will be used. GPG error: http://cdn-fastly.deb.debian.org/debian-security buster/updates InRelease: The following signatures couldn't be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY 9D6D8F6BC857C906 NO_PUBKEY AA8E81B4331F7F50
W: An error occurred during the signature verification. The repository is not updated and the previous index files will be used. GPG error: http://cdn-fastly.deb.debian.org/debian unstable InRelease: The following signatures couldn't be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY 7638D0442B90D010 NO_PUBKEY 04EE7237B7D453EC
W: An error occurred during the signature verification. The repository is not updated and the previous index files will be used. GPG error: http://cdn-fastly.deb.debian.org/debian experimental InRelease: The following signatures couldn't be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY 7638D0442B90D010 NO_PUBKEY 04EE7237B7D453EC
W: An error occurred during the signature verification. The repository is not updated and the previous index files will be used. GPG error: http://debug.mirrors.debian.org/debian-debug buster-debug InRelease: The following signatures couldn't be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY 7638D0442B90D010 NO_PUBKEY 04EE7237B7D453EC
W: An error occurred during the signature verification. The repository is not updated and the previous index files will be used. GPG error: http://debug.mirrors.debian.org/debian-debug unstable-debug InRelease: The following signatures couldn't be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY 7638D0442B90D010 NO_PUBKEY 04EE7237B7D453EC
W: An error occurred during the signature verification. The repository is not updated and the previous index files will be used. GPG error: http://debug.mirrors.debian.org/debian-debug experimental-debug InRelease: The following signatures couldn't be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY 7638D0442B90D010 NO_PUBKEY 04EE7237B7D453EC
W: Failed to fetch http://cdn-fastly.deb.debian.org/debian/dists/buster/InRelease The following signatures couldn't be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY 7638D0442B90D010 NO_PUBKEY 04EE7237B7D453EC
W: Failed to fetch http://cdn-fastly.deb.debian.org/debian-security/dists/buster/updates/InRelease The following signatures couldn't be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY 9D6D8F6BC857C906 NO_PUBKEY AA8E81B4331F7F50
W: Failed to fetch http://cdn-fastly.deb.debian.org/debian/dists/unstable/InRelease The following signatures couldn't be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY 7638D0442B90D010 NO_PUBKEY 04EE7237B7D453EC
W: Failed to fetch http://cdn-fastly.deb.debian.org/debian/dists/experimental/InRelease The following signatures couldn't be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY 7638D0442B90D010 NO_PUBKEY 04EE7237B7D453EC
W: Failed to fetch http://debug.mirrors.debian.org/debian-debug/dists/buster-debug/InRelease The following signatures couldn't be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY 7638D0442B90D010 NO_PUBKEY 04EE7237B7D453EC
W: Failed to fetch http://debug.mirrors.debian.org/debian-debug/dists/unstable-debug/InRelease The following signatures couldn't be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY 7638D0442B90D010 NO_PUBKEY 04EE7237B7D453EC
W: Failed to fetch http://debug.mirrors.debian.org/debian-debug/dists/experimental-debug/InRelease The following signatures couldn't be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY 7638D0442B90D010 NO_PUBKEY 04EE7237B7D453E
私の/etc/apt/sources.listは -
$ cat /etc/apt/sources.list
#### Debian buster #########
deb http://cdn-fastly.deb.debian.org/debian/ buster main contrib non-free
deb-src http://cdn-fastly.deb.debian.org/debian buster main contrib non-free
deb http://cdn-fastly.deb.debian.org/debian-security buster/updates main
deb-src http://cdn-fastly.deb.debian.org/debian-security buster/updates main
#### Debian unstable #########
deb http://cdn-fastly.deb.debian.org/debian unstable main contrib non-free
deb-src http://cdn-fastly.deb.debian.org/debian unstable main contrib non-free
#### Debian experimental #########
deb http://cdn-fastly.deb.debian.org/debian experimental main contrib
deb-src http://cdn-fastly.deb.debian.org/debian experimental main contrib
##### Debian Debug packages #######
deb http://debug.mirrors.debian.org/debian-debug/ buster-debug main
deb http://debug.mirrors.debian.org/debian-debug/ unstable-debug main
deb http://debug.mirrors.debian.org/debian-debug/ experimental-debug main
######## Third party repos #######
deb https://riot.im/packages/debian/ buster main
そしてgpgを使ってインポートする必要があります（安全ではないことを知っていますが、そうする必要がありました - ）
# gpg --recv-keys AA8E81B4331F7F50
gpg: key EDA0D2388AE22BA9: 11 signatures not checked due to missing keys
gpg: key EDA0D2388AE22BA9: public key "Debian Security Archive Automatic Signing Key (9/stretch) <[email protected]>" imported
gpg: no ultimately trusted keys found
gpg: Total number processed: 1
gpg: imported: 1
それから -
# gpg --export AA8E81B4331F7F50 | apt-key add
OK
aptがいつ最新のキーだけでなく、以前のバージョンの署名もサポートし始めるかどうかを知りたいです。これは最近の現象ですか、それとも非常に古い現象ですか？私の言葉はEtch（4.0）以上で完了したことを意味しますか？
アップデート - もともとStrech Install ie 9で、現在はバスターがあります。
他の質問に関する限り、/etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/
/etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/debian-archive-buster-automatic.gpg
----------------------------------------------------------
pub rsa4096 2019-04-14 [SC] [expires: 2027-04-12]
80D1 5823 B7FD 1561 F9F7 BCDD DC30 D7C2 3CBB ABEE
uid [ unknown] Debian Archive Automatic Signing Key (10/buster) <[email protected]>
sub rsa4096 2019-04-14 [S] [expires: 2027-04-12]
/etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/debian-archive-buster-security-automatic.gpg
-------------------------------------------------------------------
pub rsa4096 2019-04-14 [SC] [expires: 2027-04-12]
5E61 B217 265D A980 7A23 C5FF 4DFA B270 CAA9 6DFA
uid [ unknown] Debian Security Archive Automatic Signing Key (10/buster) <[email protected]>
sub rsa4096 2019-04-14 [S] [expires: 2027-04-12]
/etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/debian-archive-buster-stable.gpg
-------------------------------------------------------
pub rsa4096 2019-02-05 [SC] [expires: 2027-02-03]
6D33 866E DD8F FA41 C014 3AED DCC9 EFBF 77E1 1517
uid [ unknown] Debian Stable Release Key (10/buster) <[email protected]>
答え1
ftp-masterが各バージョンごとに1回署名する方法の説明は次のとおりです。ftp-master.debian.org:
どのバージョンにどのキーで署名する必要がありますか？
安定リリースは、リリース時に使用されるftp-master自動アーカイブ署名キーと各リリースの安定キーで署名されます。他のバージョン（提案されたアップデート、テスト、提案されたアップデートテスト、不安定、および実験的）のリリースファイルは、ftp-master自動キーでのみ署名されます。
セキュリティアーカイブはFTPマスターキーでのみ署名されます。
現在の手順は、バージョンごとに1つのFTPマスターキーを持つことです（前の手順では、年に1回ずつ新しいキーを導入しました）。
archive.orgによると（2009）、これが本当でした。含むエッチング解放する:
現在の手順は、バージョンごとに1つのFTPマスターキーを持つことです（前の手順では、年に1回ずつ新しいキーを導入しました）。
アーカイブキー
アクティブ署名キー
現在（2007/etch）キーは次のとおりです。ここでダウンロードしてください
パッケージ制作に関連があるようです。debian-archive-keyring~のためエッチング, これには、以下を含む削除したファイルが含まれます。apt 後で変わりますエッチング:
apt (0.6.46.2) unstable; urgency=low
* debian/control:
- depend on debian-archive-keyring to offer clean upgrade path
(closes:#386800)
[...]