重要な要約：私が購入したハードドライブがNASのコピーをバックアップするために使用しても安全ですか？
私は中古Western Digital 3TB Red HDDを4つ購入し、私が持っている予備のマイクロサーバーに入れました。これは、既存のオンサイト（バックアップ）NASのセカンダリオフサイトバックアップコピーとして使用する予定です。
.NETを使用して各ドライブで拡張セルフテストを実行しましたsmartctl。の3つ/dev/sdbの/dev/sdcテストは＆「エラーなしで完了しました」ですが、「完了：読み取りに失敗しました」/dev/sddテストです。/dev/sda
- これらの不良ブロックは物理不良ブロックですか、それとも論理不良ブロックですか？
- 論理的であれば、どのように修正できますか？
- 物理的な場合、RAIDアレイのドライブを引き続き使用しても安全ですか、それとも新しいドライブを購入するために実際にお金を使う必要がありますか？
私は「についてのすべてを読んだ。不良ブロックの動作方法「ページですが、RAIDアレイに関する情報は提供していません。特に、ブロック番号を計算するときにRAIDオフセットを考慮する方法について説明します。
私が読んでいるこの回答同様の質問で誰かが「RAIDデータオフセット」を考慮する必要があると述べましたが、これ以上の説明は提供されていません。また、RAID 5の代わりにRAID 1アレイもあります。私が言う方程式は次のとおりです。
b = (int)((L-S)*512/B)
where:
b = File System block number
B = File system block size in bytes
L = LBA of bad sector
S = Starting sector of partition as shown by fdisk -lu
and (int) denotes the integer part.
また、例で以下を実行すると、sudo fdisk -lu /dev/md0次のような結果が表示されます。
> sudo fdisk -lu /dev/md0
Disk /dev/md0: 8.19 TiB, 9001371697152 bytes, 17580804096 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 524288 bytes / 1572864 bytes
次のドライブテーブル情報は表示されません。
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
また、次の実行時に情報を取得できなくなります。sudo fdisk -lu /dev/sda
> sudo fdisk -lu /dev/sda
Disk /dev/sda: 2.75 TiB, 3000592982016 bytes, 5860533168 sectors
Disk model: WDC WD30EFRX-68A
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
これは、パーティションの開始セクタがわからないことを意味します/dev/sda。 RAIDデータオフセット値264192を式に置き換えると、次Sのようになります。
[(1342886576 - 264192) * 512] / 4096 = 167827798
その後、実行すると結果がsudo hdparm --read-sector 167827798 /dev/sd0得られます。reading sector 167827798: succeeded
したがって、ブロック/セクタ番号が間違っているか、不良ブロックが実際には問題ありません。
誰でも私を助けることができますか？smartctl以下の出力が含まれています。
/dev/sda
- スマート総合：合格
- 長い間オフライン状態：読み取りに失敗しました
smartctl 7.1 2019-12-30 r5022 [x86_64-linux-5.4.0-31-generic] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-19, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family: Western Digital Red
Device Model: WDC WD30EFRX-68AX9N0
Serial Number: WD-WMC1T3647350
LU WWN Device Id: 5 0014ee 6ae046f8e
Firmware Version: 80.00A80
User Capacity: 3,000,592,982,016 bytes [3.00 TB]
Sector Sizes: 512 bytes logical, 4096 bytes physical
Device is: In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
ATA Version is: ACS-2 (minor revision not indicated)
SATA Version is: SATA 3.0, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 3.0 Gb/s)
Local Time is: Fri May 22 10:41:12 2020 CEST
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status: (0x00) Offline data collection activity
was never started.
Auto Offline Data Collection: Disabled.
Self-test execution status: ( 113) The previous self-test completed having
the read element of the test failed.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection: (39900) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities: (0x7b) SMART execute Offline immediate.
Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
Suspend Offline collection upon new
command.
Offline surface scan supported.
Self-test supported.
Conveyance Self-test supported.
Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
power-saving mode.
Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported.
General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 2) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 400) minutes.
Conveyance self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 5) minutes.
SCT capabilities: (0x70bd) SCT Status supported.
SCT Error Recovery Control supported.
SCT Feature Control supported.
SCT Data Table supported.
SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 16
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x002f 200 200 051 Pre-fail Always - 11
3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0027 185 179 021 Pre-fail Always - 5741
4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 41
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 200 200 140 Pre-fail Always - 0
7 Seek_Error_Rate 0x002e 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 042 042 000 Old_age Always - 42583
10 Spin_Retry_Count 0x0032 100 253 000 Old_age Always - 0
11 Calibration_Retry_Count 0x0032 100 253 000 Old_age Always - 0
12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 41
192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 27
193 Load_Cycle_Count 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 13
194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0022 121 110 000 Old_age Always - 29
196 Reallocated_Event_Count 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 4
198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0030 100 253 000 Old_age Offline - 0
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
200 Multi_Zone_Error_Rate 0x0008 200 200 000 Old_age Offline - 1
SMART Error Log Version: 1
No Errors Logged
SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
Num Test_Description Status Remaining LifeTime(hours) LBA_of_first_error
# 1 Extended offline Completed: read failure 10% 42562 1342886576
# 2 Extended offline Completed: read failure 90% 42534 1342886576
# 3 Short offline Completed without error 00% 42534 -
SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1
SPAN MIN_LBA MAX_LBA CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
1 0 0 Not_testing
2 0 0 Not_testing
3 0 0 Not_testing
4 0 0 Not_testing
5 0 0 Not_testing
Selective self-test flags (0x0):
After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.
/dev/sdb
- スマート総合：合格
- オフライン時間延長：エラーなしで完了
smartctl 7.1 2019-12-30 r5022 [x86_64-linux-5.4.0-31-generic] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-19, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family: Western Digital Red
Device Model: WDC WD30EFRX-68AX9N0
Serial Number: WD-WMC1T3613933
LU WWN Device Id: 5 0014ee 6ae04400b
Firmware Version: 80.00A80
User Capacity: 3,000,592,982,016 bytes [3.00 TB]
Sector Sizes: 512 bytes logical, 4096 bytes physical
Device is: In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
ATA Version is: ACS-2 (minor revision not indicated)
SATA Version is: SATA 3.0, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 3.0 Gb/s)
Local Time is: Fri May 22 10:47:03 2020 CEST
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status: (0x00) Offline data collection activity
was never started.
Auto Offline Data Collection: Disabled.
Self-test execution status: ( 0) The previous self-test routine completed
without error or no self-test has ever
been run.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection: (40860) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities: (0x7b) SMART execute Offline immediate.
Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
Suspend Offline collection upon new
command.
Offline surface scan supported.
Self-test supported.
Conveyance Self-test supported.
Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
power-saving mode.
Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported.
General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 2) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 410) minutes.
Conveyance self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 5) minutes.
SCT capabilities: (0x70bd) SCT Status supported.
SCT Error Recovery Control supported.
SCT Feature Control supported.
SCT Data Table supported.
SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 16
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x002f 200 200 051 Pre-fail Always - 1
3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0027 182 176 021 Pre-fail Always - 5858
4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 58
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 200 200 140 Pre-fail Always - 1
7 Seek_Error_Rate 0x002e 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 085 084 000 Old_age Always - 11555
10 Spin_Retry_Count 0x0032 100 253 000 Old_age Always - 0
11 Calibration_Retry_Count 0x0032 100 253 000 Old_age Always - 0
12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 41
192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 28
193 Load_Cycle_Count 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 12
194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0022 120 111 000 Old_age Always - 30
196 Reallocated_Event_Count 0x0032 199 199 000 Old_age Always - 1
197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0030 100 253 000 Old_age Offline - 0
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
200 Multi_Zone_Error_Rate 0x0008 200 200 000 Old_age Offline - 0
SMART Error Log Version: 1
ATA Error Count: 32 (device log contains only the most recent five errors)
CR = Command Register [HEX]
FR = Features Register [HEX]
SC = Sector Count Register [HEX]
SN = Sector Number Register [HEX]
CL = Cylinder Low Register [HEX]
CH = Cylinder High Register [HEX]
DH = Device/Head Register [HEX]
DC = Device Command Register [HEX]
ER = Error register [HEX]
ST = Status register [HEX]
Powered_Up_Time is measured from power on, and printed as
DDd+hh:mm:SS.sss where DD=days, hh=hours, mm=minutes,
SS=sec, and sss=millisec. It "wraps" after 49.710 days.
Error 32 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 1796 hours (74 days + 20 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
04 61 42 10 51 6f ae Device Fault; Error: ABRT
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
ef 03 42 10 51 6f ae 00 43d+23:51:57.394 SET FEATURES [Set transfer mode]
ef 03 0c 10 51 6f ae 00 43d+23:51:57.393 SET FEATURES [Set transfer mode]
ec 00 01 00 00 00 a0 00 43d+23:51:57.392 IDENTIFY DEVICE
ef 90 06 00 00 00 40 00 43d+23:51:38.870 SET FEATURES [Disable SATA feature]
ef 90 06 00 00 00 40 00 43d+23:51:38.869 SET FEATURES [Disable SATA feature]
Error 31 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 1796 hours (74 days + 20 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
04 61 0c 10 51 6f ae Device Fault; Error: ABRT
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
ef 03 0c 10 51 6f ae 00 43d+23:51:57.393 SET FEATURES [Set transfer mode]
ec 00 01 00 00 00 a0 00 43d+23:51:57.392 IDENTIFY DEVICE
ef 90 06 00 00 00 40 00 43d+23:51:38.870 SET FEATURES [Disable SATA feature]
ef 90 06 00 00 00 40 00 43d+23:51:38.869 SET FEATURES [Disable SATA feature]
ef 90 06 00 00 00 40 00 43d+23:51:38.869 SET FEATURES [Disable SATA feature]
Error 30 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 1796 hours (74 days + 20 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
04 61 06 00 00 00 40 Device Fault; Error: ABRT
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
ef 90 06 00 00 00 40 00 43d+23:51:38.870 SET FEATURES [Disable SATA feature]
ef 90 06 00 00 00 40 00 43d+23:51:38.869 SET FEATURES [Disable SATA feature]
ef 90 06 00 00 00 40 00 43d+23:51:38.869 SET FEATURES [Disable SATA feature]
ef 90 06 00 00 00 40 00 43d+23:51:38.868 SET FEATURES [Disable SATA feature]
ef 90 06 00 00 00 40 00 43d+23:51:38.868 SET FEATURES [Disable SATA feature]
Error 29 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 1796 hours (74 days + 20 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
04 61 06 00 00 00 40 Device Fault; Error: ABRT
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
ef 90 06 00 00 00 40 00 43d+23:51:38.869 SET FEATURES [Disable SATA feature]
ef 90 06 00 00 00 40 00 43d+23:51:38.869 SET FEATURES [Disable SATA feature]
ef 90 06 00 00 00 40 00 43d+23:51:38.868 SET FEATURES [Disable SATA feature]
ef 90 06 00 00 00 40 00 43d+23:51:38.868 SET FEATURES [Disable SATA feature]
ef 90 06 00 00 00 40 00 43d+23:51:38.867 SET FEATURES [Disable SATA feature]
Error 28 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 1796 hours (74 days + 20 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
04 61 06 00 00 00 40 Device Fault; Error: ABRT
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
ef 90 06 00 00 00 40 00 43d+23:51:38.869 SET FEATURES [Disable SATA feature]
ef 90 06 00 00 00 40 00 43d+23:51:38.868 SET FEATURES [Disable SATA feature]
ef 90 06 00 00 00 40 00 43d+23:51:38.868 SET FEATURES [Disable SATA feature]
ef 90 06 00 00 00 40 00 43d+23:51:38.867 SET FEATURES [Disable SATA feature]
ef 90 06 00 00 00 40 00 43d+23:51:38.667 SET FEATURES [Disable SATA feature]
SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
Num Test_Description Status Remaining LifeTime(hours) LBA_of_first_error
# 1 Extended offline Completed without error 00% 11531 -
# 2 Extended offline Aborted by host 10% 11521 -
# 3 Short offline Completed without error 00% 11506 -
SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1
SPAN MIN_LBA MAX_LBA CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
1 0 0 Not_testing
2 0 0 Not_testing
3 0 0 Not_testing
4 0 0 Not_testing
5 0 0 Not_testing
Selective self-test flags (0x0):
After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.
/dev/sdc
- スマート総合：合格
- オフライン時間延長：エラーなしで完了
smartctl 7.1 2019-12-30 r5022 [x86_64-linux-5.4.0-31-generic] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-19, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family: Western Digital Red
Device Model: WDC WD30EFRX-68AX9N0
Serial Number: WD-WMC1T3643940
LU WWN Device Id: 5 0014ee 60359ae37
Firmware Version: 80.00A80
User Capacity: 3,000,592,982,016 bytes [3.00 TB]
Sector Sizes: 512 bytes logical, 4096 bytes physical
Device is: In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
ATA Version is: ACS-2 (minor revision not indicated)
SATA Version is: SATA 3.0, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 3.0 Gb/s)
Local Time is: Fri May 22 10:48:40 2020 CEST
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status: (0x00) Offline data collection activity
was never started.
Auto Offline Data Collection: Disabled.
Self-test execution status: ( 0) The previous self-test routine completed
without error or no self-test has ever
been run.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection: (40080) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities: (0x7b) SMART execute Offline immediate.
Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
Suspend Offline collection upon new
command.
Offline surface scan supported.
Self-test supported.
Conveyance Self-test supported.
Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
power-saving mode.
Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported.
General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 2) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 402) minutes.
Conveyance self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 5) minutes.
SCT capabilities: (0x70bd) SCT Status supported.
SCT Error Recovery Control supported.
SCT Feature Control supported.
SCT Data Table supported.
SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 16
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x002f 200 200 051 Pre-fail Always - 0
3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0027 182 177 021 Pre-fail Always - 5858
4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 42
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 200 200 140 Pre-fail Always - 0
7 Seek_Error_Rate 0x002e 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 042 042 000 Old_age Always - 42582
10 Spin_Retry_Count 0x0032 100 253 000 Old_age Always - 0
11 Calibration_Retry_Count 0x0032 100 253 000 Old_age Always - 0
12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 42
192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 29
193 Load_Cycle_Count 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 12
194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0022 120 111 000 Old_age Always - 30
196 Reallocated_Event_Count 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0030 100 253 000 Old_age Offline - 0
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
200 Multi_Zone_Error_Rate 0x0008 200 200 000 Old_age Offline - 0
SMART Error Log Version: 1
No Errors Logged
SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
Num Test_Description Status Remaining LifeTime(hours) LBA_of_first_error
# 1 Extended offline Completed without error 00% 42558 -
# 2 Short offline Completed without error 00% 42543 -
SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1
SPAN MIN_LBA MAX_LBA CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
1 0 0 Not_testing
2 0 0 Not_testing
3 0 0 Not_testing
4 0 0 Not_testing
5 0 0 Not_testing
Selective self-test flags (0x0):
After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.
/dev/sdd
- スマート総合：合格
- オフライン時間延長：エラーなしで完了
smartctl 7.1 2019-12-30 r5022 [x86_64-linux-5.4.0-31-generic] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-19, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family: Western Digital Red
Device Model: WDC WD30EFRX-68AX9N0
Serial Number: WD-WMC1T3642983
LU WWN Device Id: 5 0014ee 658ae70cd
Firmware Version: 80.00A80
User Capacity: 3,000,592,982,016 bytes [3.00 TB]
Sector Sizes: 512 bytes logical, 4096 bytes physical
Device is: In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
ATA Version is: ACS-2 (minor revision not indicated)
SATA Version is: SATA 3.0, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 3.0 Gb/s)
Local Time is: Fri May 22 10:49:48 2020 CEST
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status: (0x00) Offline data collection activity
was never started.
Auto Offline Data Collection: Disabled.
Self-test execution status: ( 0) The previous self-test routine completed
without error or no self-test has ever
been run.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection: (40320) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities: (0x7b) SMART execute Offline immediate.
Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
Suspend Offline collection upon new
command.
Offline surface scan supported.
Self-test supported.
Conveyance Self-test supported.
Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
power-saving mode.
Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported.
General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 2) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 404) minutes.
Conveyance self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 5) minutes.
SCT capabilities: (0x70bd) SCT Status supported.
SCT Error Recovery Control supported.
SCT Feature Control supported.
SCT Data Table supported.
SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 16
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x002f 200 200 051 Pre-fail Always - 0
3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0027 181 175 021 Pre-fail Always - 5950
4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 42
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 200 200 140 Pre-fail Always - 0
7 Seek_Error_Rate 0x002e 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 047 047 000 Old_age Always - 39003
10 Spin_Retry_Count 0x0032 100 253 000 Old_age Always - 0
11 Calibration_Retry_Count 0x0032 100 253 000 Old_age Always - 0
12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 42
192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 29
193 Load_Cycle_Count 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 12
194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0022 120 112 000 Old_age Always - 30
196 Reallocated_Event_Count 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0030 100 253 000 Old_age Offline - 0
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
200 Multi_Zone_Error_Rate 0x0008 200 200 000 Old_age Offline - 0
SMART Error Log Version: 1
No Errors Logged
SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
Num Test_Description Status Remaining LifeTime(hours) LBA_of_first_error
# 1 Extended offline Completed without error 00% 38979 -
# 2 Short offline Completed without error 00% 38969 -
SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1
SPAN MIN_LBA MAX_LBA CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
1 0 0 Not_testing
2 0 0 Not_testing
3 0 0 Not_testing
4 0 0 Not_testing
5 0 0 Not_testing
Selective self-test flags (0x0):
After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.
出力は以下から来ます。 sudo mdadm --examine /dev/sda
> sudo mdadm --examine /dev/sda
/dev/sda:
Magic : a92b4efc
Version : 1.2
Feature Map : 0x9
Array UUID : 1457ad95:8434aaa1:93949de6:2e100471
Name : remote-nas:0 (local to host remote-nas)
Creation Time : Tue May 19 17:05:24 2020
Raid Level : raid5
Raid Devices : 4
Avail Dev Size : 5860268976 (2794.39 GiB 3000.46 GB)
Array Size : 8790402048 (8383.18 GiB 9001.37 GB)
Used Dev Size : 5860268032 (2794.39 GiB 3000.46 GB)
Data Offset : 264192 sectors
Super Offset : 8 sectors
Unused Space : before=264112 sectors, after=944 sectors
State : clean
Device UUID : 7dc7b151:ee18b088:a54a5a7d:201420d3
Internal Bitmap : 8 sectors from superblock
Update Time : Fri May 22 10:02:30 2020
Bad Block Log : 512 entries available at offset 24 sectors - bad blocks present.
Checksum : e90608f7 - correct
Events : 20196
Layout : left-symmetric
Chunk Size : 512K
Device Role : Active device 0
Array State : AAAA ('A' == active, '.' == missing, 'R' == replacing)
答え1
これらの不良ブロックは物理不良ブロックですか、それとも論理不良ブロックですか？
両方です。物理（ドライブ自体）はCompleted: read failureSMARTテストの結果です。また、再割り当て/保留中/変更できないブロックのゼロ以外の値です。
ロジック（mdadmメタデータ）は不良ブロックbad blocks presentログにありますmdadm。これを確認することもmdadm --examine-badblocksできます（ドライブごとに個別に）。複数のドライブに同じ不良ブロックがある場合、mdデバイスはそのドライブのソフト読み取りエラーを返します。
RAIDアレイでドライブを使い続けても安全ですか？
私は、SMARTに障害が発生したり読み取れないセクタにデータが失われたドライブを信頼していません。交換、書き込み-読み取り-確認テストを行い、決定を下します。
論理的であれば、どのように修正できますか？
mdadm --replace理想的には、問題のドライブから不良ブロックログエントリが消えます。
エントリが複数のドライブで同じで（これらのブロックに冗長性がない）、交換後もエントリがまだ存在し、mdアレイがソフト読み取りエラーを返す場合は、不良ブロックログ強制消去を使用できますmdadm --assemble --update=force-no-bbl。
その結果、md 配列はこのログのブロックに対して誤ったデータまたは古いデータを返す可能性があり、データが破損する可能性があります。