systemd バージョンが 208 より高いシステムを起動できません。

systemd バージョンが 208 より高いシステムを起動できません。

最近、systemdをバージョン208から212にアップグレードしました(2つの数字の間の他のバージョンも試しました)。

そして、システムをもう起動できません。マウントできないようですが、他のすべてのファイルシステムと同様に、緊急シェル/tmpではうまく機能します。mount /tmp(LUKSボリューム含む)

これがinitramfsやカーネルモジュールとは何の関係もないことは明らかです。 systemdを再ダウングレードすると、すべてが正常です。また、mkinitcpio -p linux-custom役に立たない

修正する

dbus 接続が失われているようで実行しようとすると、systemd-analyze blamedbus 接続を取得できないというメッセージが表示されます。

編集する

私が試した他の方法:

  1. プリマスターゲットの無効化(systemctlリスト単位にも存在しません)

  2. ターゲットを無効にしてもtmp.mount役に立ちません

丸太

私はArch Linuxを実行しており、次はfstab構造ですtmpfs

/dev/zram0 /tmp tmpfs       nodev,size=512M,nosuid,noatime,nodiratime   0       0
/dev/zram0 /var/tmp     tmpfs   nodev,size=256M,nosuid,noexec,noatime,nodiratime        0       0

追加されたログは次のとおりです(システム部分のみ)。

systemd-journal[198]: Runtime journal is using 8.0M (max allowed 388.0M, trying to leave 582.1M free of 3.7G available → current limit 388.0M).
systemd-journal[198]: Runtime journal is using 8.0M (max allowed 388.0M, trying to leave 582.1M free of 3.7G available → current limit 388.0M).
systemd-udevd[148]: starting version 212
systemd[1]: RTC configured in localtime, applying delta of 480 minutes to system time.
systemd 212 running in system mode. (+PAM -AUDIT -SELINUX -IMA -SYSVINIT +LIBCRYPTSETUP +GCRYPT +ACL +XZ +SECCOMP -APPARMOR)
systemd[1]: Detected architecture 'x86-64'.
systemd[1]: Failed to insert module 'ipv6'
systemd[1]: No hostname configured.
systemd[1]: Set hostname to <localhost>.
systemd[1]: Cannot add dependency job for unit display-manager.service, ignoring: Unit display-manager.service failed to load: No such file or directory.
systemd[1]: Starting Forward Password Requests to Wall Directory Watch.
systemd[1]: Started Forward Password Requests to Wall Directory Watch.
systemd[1]: Starting Remote File Systems.
systemd[1]: Reached target Remote File Systems.
systemd[1]: Starting Arbitrary Executable File Formats File System Automount Point.
systemd[1]: Set up automount Arbitrary Executable File Formats File System Automount Point.
systemd[1]: Starting Dispatch Password Requests to Console Directory Watch.
systemd[1]: Started Dispatch Password Requests to Console Directory Watch.
systemd[1]: Starting Paths.
systemd[1]: Reached target Paths.
systemd[1]: Starting Swap.
systemd[1]: Reached target Swap.
systemd[1]: Expecting device dev-zram0.device...
systemd[1]: Expecting device dev-disk-by\x2duuid-fc660063\x2d302d\x2d4c49\x2d9a69\x2d3ffcf9217590.device...
systemd[1]: Expecting device dev-sdb3.device...
systemd[1]: Expecting device dev-sdb5.device...
systemd[1]: Expecting device dev-sdb7.device...
systemd[1]: Expecting device dev-mapper-secure.device...
systemd[1]: Expecting device dev-sda2.device...
systemd[1]: Expecting device dev-sda1.device...
systemd[1]: Starting Root Slice.
systemd[1]: Created slice Root Slice.
systemd[1]: Starting User and Session Slice.
systemd[1]: Created slice User and Session Slice.
systemd[1]: Starting Device-mapper event daemon FIFOs.
systemd[1]: Listening on Device-mapper event daemon FIFOs.
systemd[1]: Starting Delayed Shutdown Socket.
systemd[1]: Listening on Delayed Shutdown Socket.
systemd[1]: Starting /dev/initctl Compatibility Named Pipe.
systemd[1]: Listening on /dev/initctl Compatibility Named Pipe.
systemd[1]: Starting Syslog Socket.
systemd[1]: Listening on Syslog Socket.
systemd[1]: Starting udev Control Socket.
systemd[1]: Listening on udev Control Socket.
systemd[1]: Starting udev Kernel Socket.
systemd[1]: Listening on udev Kernel Socket.
systemd[1]: Starting LVM2 metadata daemon socket.
systemd[1]: Listening on LVM2 metadata daemon socket.
systemd[1]: Starting Journal Socket.
systemd[1]: Listening on Journal Socket.
systemd[1]: Starting System Slice.
systemd[1]: Created slice System Slice.
systemd[1]: Starting File System Check on Root Device...
systemd[1]: Starting system-getty.slice.
systemd[1]: Created slice system-getty.slice.
systemd[1]: Starting Apply Kernel Variables...
systemd[1]: Starting Load Kernel Modules...
systemd[1]: Mounting Huge Pages File System...
systemd[1]: Mounting POSIX Message Queue File System...
systemd[1]: Starting Setup Virtual Console...
systemd[1]: Starting udev Coldplug all Devices...
systemd\x2dcryptsetup.slice.
systemd\x2dcryptsetup.slice.
systemd[1]: Starting Set Up Additional Binary Formats...
systemd[1]: Mounted Debug File System.
systemd[1]: Starting Create list of required static device nodes for the current kernel...
systemd[1]: Starting Journal Service...
systemd[1]: Started Journal Service.
systemd-journal[198]: Journal started
systemd-modules-load[191]: Module 'acpi_cpufreq' is builtin
systemd-modules-load[191]: Module 'acpi_call' is builtin
systemd-modules-load[191]: Module 'aesni_intel' is builtin
systemd-modules-load[191]: Module 'coretemp' is builtin
systemd-modules-load[191]: Module 'microcode' is builtin
systemd-modules-load[191]: Module 'tp_smapi' is builtin
systemd-modules-load[191]: Module 'uinput' is builtin
systemd-sysctl[189]: Overwriting earlier assignment of kernel/sysrq in file '/etc/sysctl.d/99-sysctl.conf'.
systemd[1]: Starting Slices.
systemd[1]: Reached target Slices.
systemd-binfmt)
systemd-modules-load[191]: Inserted module 'vboxdrv'
systemd[1]: Mounted POSIX Message Queue File System.
systemd[1]: Mounted Arbitrary Executable File Formats File System.
systemd[1]: Started udev Coldplug all Devices.
systemd-modules-load[191]: Inserted module 'vboxnetadp'
systemd-modules-load[191]: Inserted module 'vboxnetflt'
systemd[1]: Started Set Up Additional Binary Formats.
systemd-modules-load[191]: Inserted module 'vboxpci'
systemd-modules-load[191]: Module 'zram' is builtin
systemd-modules-load[191]: Module 'fuse' is builtin
systemd[1]: Started Load Kernel Modules.
systemd[1]: Mounting Configuration File System...
systemd[1]: Mounting FUSE Control File System...
systemd[1]: Starting Create Static Device Nodes in /dev...
systemd[1]: Mounted FUSE Control File System.
systemd[1]: Mounted Configuration File System.
systemd[1]: Started Apply Kernel Variables.
systemd-fsck[188]: ArchRoot: clean, 281073/812800 files, 1963679/3249138 blocks
systemd[1]: Started File System Check on Root Device.
systemd[1]: Starting Remount Root and Kernel File Systems...
systemd[1]: Started Remount Root and Kernel File Systems.
systemd[1]: Starting Load/Save Random Seed...
systemd[1]: Started Load/Save Random Seed.
systemd[1]: Started Setup Virtual Console.
systemd[1]: Started Create Static Device Nodes in /dev.
systemd[1]: Starting udev Kernel Device Manager...
systemd[1]: Starting Local File Systems (Pre).
systemd[1]: Reached target Local File Systems (Pre).
systemd[1]: Mounting /run/shm...
systemd[1]: Mounted /run/shm.
systemd[1]: Started udev Kernel Device Manager.
systemd-udevd[234]: starting version 212
systemd-sysctl[253]: Overwriting earlier assignment of kernel/sysrq in file '/etc/sysctl.d/99-sysctl.conf'.
systemd-sysctl[295]: Overwriting earlier assignment of kernel/sysrq in file '/etc/sysctl.d/99-sysctl.conf'.
systemd-udevd[239]: error opening ATTR{/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1a.0/usb1/1-1/1-1.3/1-1.3:1.0/power/control} for writing: No such file or directory
systemd-journal[198]: Forwarding to syslog missed 40 messages.
systemd[1]: Job dev-sda1.device/start timed out.
systemd[1]: Timed out waiting for device dev-sda1.device.
systemd[1]: Dependency failed for /data.
systemd[1]: Dependency failed for Local File Systems.
systemd[1]: Triggering OnFailure= dependencies of local-fs.target.
systemd[1]: Job dev-sda2.device/start timed out.
systemd[1]: Timed out waiting for device dev-sda2.device.
systemd[1]: Dependency failed for /vm.
systemd[1]: Job dev-sdb7.device/start timed out.
systemd[1]: Timed out waiting for device dev-sdb7.device.
systemd[1]: Dependency failed for Cryptography Setup for secure.
systemd[1]: Dependency failed for Encrypted Volumes.
systemd[1]: Dependency failed for dev-mapper-secure.device.
systemd[1]: Dependency failed for /secure.
systemd[1]: Job dev-sdb5.device/start timed out.
systemd[1]: Timed out waiting for device dev-sdb5.device.
systemd[1]: Dependency failed for /ubuntu_ssd_vm.
systemd[1]: Job dev-sdb3.device/start timed out.
systemd[1]: Timed out waiting for device dev-sdb3.device.
systemd[1]: Dependency failed for /win7_ssd_vm.
systemd[1]: Job dev-disk-by\x2duuid-fc660063\x2d302d\x2d4c49\x2d9a69\x2d3ffcf9217590.device/start timed out.
systemd[1]: Timed out waiting for device dev-disk-by\x2duuid-fc660063\x2d302d\x2d4c49\x2d9a69\x2d3ffcf9217590.device.
systemd[1]: Dependency failed for /Application.
systemd[1]: Job dev-zram0.device/start timed out.
systemd[1]: Timed out waiting for device dev-zram0.device.
systemd[1]: Dependency failed for /tmp.
systemd[1]: Dependency failed for /var/tmp.
systemd[1]: Dependency failed for /home/USER/.cache.
systemd[1]: Dependency failed for /var/log.
systemd[1]: Dependency failed for Update UTMP about System Boot/Shutdown.
systemd[1]: Requested transaction contradicts existing jobs: Transaction is destructive.
systemd[1]: syslog.socket failed to queue service startup job (Maybe the service file is missing or not a non-template unit?): Transaction is destructive.
systemd[1]: Unit syslog.socket entered failed state.
systemd[1]: Stopped Daily Cleanup of Temporary Directories.
systemd[1]: Stopped Getty on tty1.
systemd[1]: Stopped Getty on tty3.
systemd[1]: Stopped target Graphical Interface.
systemd[1]: Stopped target Multi-User System.
systemd[1]: Stopped Initialize hardware monitoring sensors.
systemd[1]: Stopped Set brightness.
systemd[1]: Stopped Restore pax attributes.
systemd[1]: Stopped sets battery thresholds.
systemd[1]: Stopped Name Service Cache Daemon.
systemd[1]: Stopped Periodic Command Scheduler.
systemd[1]: Stopped Network Manager.
systemd[1]: Stopped My GoAgent Service.
systemd[1]: Starting Network.
systemd[1]: Reached target Network.
systemd[1]: Stopped Run my.local script.
systemd[1]: Stopped Load apparmor profiles.
systemd[1]: Stopped Login Service.
systemd[1]: Starting Login Prompts.
systemd[1]: Reached target Login Prompts.
systemd[1]: Stopped ACPI event daemon.
systemd[1]: Closed ACPID Listen Socket.
systemd[1]: Stopped D-Bus System Message Bus.
systemd[1]: Closed D-Bus System Message Bus Socket.
systemd[1]: Stopped System Logger Daemon.
systemd[1]: Stopped Permit User Sessions.
systemd[1]: Starting Trigger Flushing of Journal to Persistent Storage...
systemd[1]: Stopped target Basic System.
systemd[1]: Starting Timers.
systemd-journal[198]: Forwarding to syslog missed 26 messages.
systemd[1]: Reached target Timers.
systemd[1]: Starting Sockets.
systemd[1]: Reached target Sockets.
systemd[1]: Stopped target System Initialization.
systemd[1]: Started Manage Sound Card State (restore and store).
systemd[1]: Starting Restore Sound Card State...
systemd[1]: Starting Create Volatile Files and Directories...
systemd[1]: Starting Emergency Shell...
systemd[1]: Started Emergency Shell.
systemd[1]: Starting Emergency Mode.
systemd[1]: Reached target Emergency Mode.
systemd[1]: Started Restore Sound Card State.
systemd-journal[198]: Runtime journal is using 8.0M (max allowed 388.0M, trying to leave 582.1M free of 3.7G available → current limit 388.0M).
systemd[1]: Started Trigger Flushing of Journal to Persistent Storage.
systemd[1]: Started Create Volatile Files and Directories.
systemd[1]: Startup finished in 2.835s (kernel) + 1min 30.235s (userspace) = 1min 33.070s.
systemd[884]: Failed at step EXEC spawning /bin/plymouth: No such file or directory

答え1

開発者に連絡したばかりで問題が解決しました。

私のカスタムカーネルはファイルハンドルシステムコールによるオープンをサポートしていなかったので、そのCONFIG_FHANDLEオプションを有効にして再起動しました。

答え2

ディスクがマウントされていません。暗号化する必要があることがわかりました。知りたいです。所有権の設定はどうなりますか?

208変更ログ:

    * A new kernel command line option luks.options= is understood
      now which allows specifiying LUKS options for usage for LUKS
      encrypted partitions specified with luks.uuid=.

おそらくあなたはそれを使用する必要があります。

しかし、Goldilocksが述べた問題を解決する非常に具体的なバリエーションを含む他のバリエーションもたくさんあります。このバージョンを使用するには、変更ログを確認する必要があります。

そして209 変更ログとても大きいです。これは特にディスク暗号化に適用されます。

    * When parsing /etc/crypttab, support for a new key-slot=
      option as supported by Debian is added. It allows indicating
      which LUKS slot to use on disk, speeding up key loading.

出力を慎重に調べるには、'sda...b...c'etcの使用からディスクのラベル付けに切り替えることをお勧めします。次のコマンドを使用してディスクを表示してラベルを確認できますlsblk(USBデバイスから起動すると誤って疑われました。修正していただきありがとうございます)

    lsblk -f

NAME   FSTYPE LABEL     UUID                                 MOUNTPOINT
sda
├─sda1 vfat   ESP       F0B7-5DAE                            /esp
├─sda2 btrfs  btrfs_ssd c01f596a-3b39-4be6-b1e5-8ddf0d4685ff /
├─sda3 ext4             c79dbc36-923a-4bb1-ab6c-606ef7c1e1f6
├─sda4 ext4   tmp       a2d977e7-4025-4c7c-b161-49f4ec3697c9
└─sda5 ext4             36ee1d08-b085-4bce-bb0d-20b6d5b7268f
sdb    bcache           4bd63488-e1d7-4858-8c70-a35a5ba2c452
sdc    bcache           ce6de517-7538-45d6-b8c4-8546f13f76c1
sr0

ラベルの設定方法はファイルシステムによって異なりますが、/etc/fstabで指定できますLABEL=${label}

as に 1 つだけコピーして、/etc/fstab初期ユーザースペース用に特別に含めることもできます。initramfs/etc/fstab

/etc/fstab209変更ログでもこれについて説明します。

    * The FsckPassNo= compatibility option in mount/service units
      has been removed. The fstab generator will now add the
      necessary dependencies automatically, and does not require
      PID1's support for that anymore.

ディスク暗号化のインストールが最新であることを確認することをお勧めします。これを行うためにaurに頼らないでください。上記の問題により、暗号化されたfsckディスクにエラーが発生し、自動的にインストールされません。これはあなたが自分でインストールできるかどうかには影響しません。

以下は、209変更ログの別の抜粋です/tmp

    * tmpfiles gained a new "--boot" option. When this is not used,
      only lines where the command character is not suffixed with
      "!" are executed. When this option is specified, those
      options are executed too. This partitions tmpfiles
      directives into those that can be safely executed at any
      time, and those which should be run only at boot (for
      example, a line that creates /run/nologin).

しかし、問題がコンソールにディスクを直接マウントする必要がある場合は、recovery問題はディスクがマウントされないことです。initramfs.つまり、initramfs画像が問題です。

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