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awk、sed、または grep を使用してファイルから一意のテキストフラグメントを抽出する

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awk、sed、または grep を使用してファイルから一意のテキストフラグメントを抽出する

の出力からpactl list sink-inputs次のものを取得する必要があります。受信機入力VLC番号。それ以前は、VLC出力のみを含む部分を抽出してみました。私が考えるすべての方法には欠点があります。以下はサンプル出力です。

$ pactl list sink-inputs
Sink Input #1373
    Driver: protocol-native.c
    Owner Module: 9
    Client: 10350
    Sink: 0
    Sample Specification: float32le 2ch 44100Hz
    Channel Map: front-left,front-right
    Format: pcm, format.sample_format = "\"float32le\""  format.rate = "44100"  format.channels = "2"  format.channel_map = "\"front-left,front-right\""
    Corked: no
    Mute: no
    Volume: 0: 100% 1: 100%
            0: 0,00 dB 1: 0,00 dB
            balance 0,00
    Buffer Latency: 453287 usec
    Sink Latency: 19697 usec
    Resample method: copy
    Properties:
        media.role = "video"
        media.name = "audio stream"
        application.name = "VLC media player (LibVLC 2.1.5)"
        native-protocol.peer = "UNIX socket client"
        native-protocol.version = "28"
        application.id = "org.VideoLAN.VLC"
        application.version = "2.1.5"
        application.icon_name = "vlc"
        application.language = "pt_BR.UTF-8"
        application.process.id = "19965"
        application.process.machine_id = "948146522454ae6aa2bb8ed153f4bce4"
        application.process.session_id = "948146522454ae6aa2bb8ed153f4bce4-1431635199.85146-1790309877"
        application.process.user = "teresaejunior"
        application.process.host = "localhost"
        application.process.binary = "vlc"
        window.x11.display = ":0.0"
        module-stream-restore.id = "sink-input-by-media-role:video"

Sink Input #1378
    Driver: protocol-native.c
    Owner Module: 9
    Client: 10378
    Sink: 0
    Sample Specification: s16le 2ch 44100Hz
    Channel Map: front-left,front-right
    Format: pcm, format.sample_format = "\"s16le\""  format.rate = "44100"  format.channels = "2"  format.channel_map = "\"front-left,front-right\""
    Corked: no
    Mute: no
    Volume: 0:  87% 1:  87%
            0: -3,63 dB 1: -3,63 dB
            balance 0,00
    Buffer Latency: 989841 usec
    Sink Latency: 19572 usec
    Resample method: n/a
    Properties:
        media.name = "audio stream"
        application.name = "mplayer2"
        native-protocol.peer = "UNIX socket client"
        native-protocol.version = "28"
        application.process.id = "20093"
        application.process.user = "teresaejunior"
        application.process.host = "localhost"
        application.process.binary = "mplayer2"
        application.language = "C"
        window.x11.display = ":0.0"
        application.process.machine_id = "948146522454ae6aa2bb8ed153f4bce4"
        module-stream-restore.id = "sink-input-by-application-name:mplayer2"

両方とも、出力が終了するまでVLC部分だけでなくmplayer2部分もawk '/^Sink/,/VLC/'取得します。sed -n '/^Sink/,/VLC/p'

$ pactl list sink-inputs | awk '/^Sink/,/VLC/'
Sink Input #1373
    Driver: protocol-native.c
    Owner Module: 9
    Client: 10350
    Sink: 0
    Sample Specification: float32le 2ch 44100Hz
    Channel Map: front-left,front-right
    Format: pcm, format.sample_format = "\"float32le\""  format.rate = "44100"  format.channels = "2"  format.channel_map = "\"front-left,front-right\""
    Corked: no
    Mute: no
    Volume: 0: 100% 1: 100%
            0: 0,00 dB 1: 0,00 dB
            balance 0,00
    Buffer Latency: 437414 usec
    Sink Latency: 19666 usec
    Resample method: copy
    Properties:
        media.role = "video"
        media.name = "audio stream"
        application.name = "VLC media player (LibVLC 2.1.5)"
Sink Input #1379
    Driver: protocol-native.c
    Owner Module: 9
    Client: 10381
    Sink: 0
    Sample Specification: s16le 2ch 44100Hz
    Channel Map: front-left,front-right
    Format: pcm, format.sample_format = "\"s16le\""  format.rate = "44100"  format.channels = "2"  format.channel_map = "\"front-left,front-right\""
    Corked: no
    Mute: no
    Volume: 0:  87% 1:  87%
            0: -3,63 dB 1: -3,63 dB
            balance 0,00
    Buffer Latency: 980045 usec
    Sink Latency: 19563 usec
    Resample method: n/a
    Properties:
        media.name = "audio stream"
        application.name = "mplayer2"
        native-protocol.peer = "UNIX socket client"
        native-protocol.version = "28"
        application.process.id = "20093"
        application.process.user = "teresaejunior"
        application.process.host = "localhost"
        application.process.binary = "mplayer2"
        application.language = "C"
        window.x11.display = ":0.0"
        application.process.machine_id = "948146522454ae6aa2bb8ed153f4bce4"
        module-stream-restore.id = "sink-input-by-application-name:mplayer2"

grep -Poz '^Sink(?s).*?VLC'動作しますが、VLC出力がmplayer2以降でなければならない場合は失敗します（VLCではなくmplayer2でテスト）。

$ pactl list sink-inputs | grep -Poz '^Sink(?s).*?mplayer'
Sink Input #1373
    Driver: protocol-native.c
    Owner Module: 9
    Client: 10350
    Sink: 0
    Sample Specification: float32le 2ch 44100Hz
    Channel Map: front-left,front-right
    Format: pcm, format.sample_format = "\"float32le\""  format.rate = "44100"  format.channels = "2"  format.channel_map = "\"front-left,front-right\""
    Corked: no
    Mute: no
    Volume: 0: 100% 1: 100%
            0: 0,00 dB 1: 0,00 dB
            balance 0,00
    Buffer Latency: 441088 usec
    Sink Latency: 18159 usec
    Resample method: copy
    Properties:
        media.role = "video"
        media.name = "audio stream"
        application.name = "VLC media player (LibVLC 2.1.5)"
        native-protocol.peer = "UNIX socket client"
        native-protocol.version = "28"
        application.id = "org.VideoLAN.VLC"
        application.version = "2.1.5"
        application.icon_name = "vlc"
        application.language = "pt_BR.UTF-8"
        application.process.id = "19965"
        application.process.machine_id = "948146522454ae6aa2bb8ed153f4bce4"
        application.process.session_id = "948146522454ae6aa2bb8ed153f4bce4-1431635199.85146-1790309877"
        application.process.user = "teresaejunior"
        application.process.host = "localhost"
        application.process.binary = "vlc"
        window.x11.display = ":0.0"
        module-stream-restore.id = "sink-input-by-media-role:video"

Sink Input #1380
    Driver: protocol-native.c
    Owner Module: 9
    Client: 10396
    Sink: 0
    Sample Specification: s16le 2ch 44100Hz
    Channel Map: front-left,front-right
    Format: pcm, format.sample_format = "\"s16le\""  format.rate = "44100"  format.channels = "2"  format.channel_map = "\"front-left,front-right\""
    Corked: no
    Mute: no
    Volume: 0:  87% 1:  87%
            0: -3,63 dB 1: -3,63 dB
            balance 0,00
    Buffer Latency: 989841 usec
    Sink Latency: 18084 usec
    Resample method: n/a
    Properties:
        media.name = "audio stream"
        application.name = "mplayer

希望の出力：

Sink Input #1373
    Driver: protocol-native.c
    Owner Module: 9
    Client: 10350
    Sink: 0
    Sample Specification: float32le 2ch 44100Hz
    Channel Map: front-left,front-right
    Format: pcm, format.sample_format = "\"float32le\""  format.rate = "44100"  format.channels = "2"  format.channel_map = "\"front-left,front-right\""
    Corked: no
    Mute: no
    Volume: 0: 100% 1: 100%
            0: 0,00 dB 1: 0,00 dB
            balance 0,00
    Buffer Latency: 441088 usec
    Sink Latency: 18159 usec
    Resample method: copy
    Properties:
        media.role = "video"
        media.name = "audio stream"
        application.name = "VLC media player (LibVLC 2.1.5)"

答え1

そしてed：

ed -s <<'IN'
r !pactl list sink-inputs
/VLC/+,$d
?Sink Input?,.p
q
IN

rコマンド出力をテキストバッファに書き込み、最初の行のマッチ後dのすべてのエントリを削除し、前の行VLCからp現在の行Sink Inputまで一致させます。

そしてsed：

pactl list sink-inputs | sed -n 'H;/Sink Input/h;/VLC/{x;p;q}'

各行を前のバッファに追加しH、行が一致した場合は前のバッファを上書きSink Inputしh、行がVLCと一致するとx予約されたスペースwを変更します。パターン空間、prins、quits。

答え2

私はPerlの短絡モードを使います：

pactl list sink-inputs | perl -00ne 'print if s/(.*?VLC.*?\n).*/$1/ms'

-00入力レコード区切り文字を\n\n段落「行」に設定します。その後、置換は最初の行より前のすべての項目と一致し、最初のVLC改行前のすべての項目が一致し、$1それ以降のすべての項目は削除されます（すべての項目がに置き換えられたため$1）。最後に、交換が成功した「行」を印刷します。

答え3

これは実際には空行で区切られた複数行のレコードです。 Awkはこの種のデータ操作に適しています。

pactl list sink-inputs | awk -v RS="" '/VLC/'

最初の「VLC」が登場した後、レコードの下部を含まないことを非常にトリッキーに設定するには：

pactl list sink-inputs | awk -v RS="" -v FS="\n" '/VLC/{ for(i=1; i<=NF; i++) { print $i; if($i ~ /VLC/) exit}}'

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