私はPortageが常に選択したソフトウェア（ランタイムで指定されたソフトウェアemergeとインストールする必要がある関連依存関係）の最新バージョンをインストールし、最新バージョン（ランタイムにインストールされたソフトウェアなど）にアップグレードしたいと思います。私のローカルランタイムPortageツリーソフトウェアのコピー：
emerge -uDU --with-bdeps=y @world
。私はPortageがデフォルトでインストールされているかアップグレードされていることを知っています（特に断りのない限り）最高関連ソフトウェアの利用可能なバージョンが必ずしも最新バージョンである必要はありません（最新バージョンには安定性の問題がある可能性があるため）。私のローカルPortage Treeコピーの最新のソフトウェアだけを使用して、私のGentoo Linux VMを最先端の状態に保つ方法を知りたいです。理論的には、利用可能な最新バージョンを選択してソフトウェアの各部分を手動で再インストールできることを理解していますが、ご存知のように、これは非常に退屈であり、システムを最新の状態に保つには定期的にこれをやり直す必要があります。やりたいです。より簡単な方法があるかどうかを確認してください。
答え1
ポーテージツリーについては、最先端に最も近いものを使用しており、ACCEPT_KEYWORDSこれはで見つけることができます/etc/portage/make.conf。このACCEPT_KEYWORDS変数は通常、次のように stable に設定されます。
ACCEPT_KEYWORDS="amd64"
以下のようにチルダを追加します。
ACCEPT_KEYWORDS="~amd64"
ポーテージにシステム上のすべてのパッケージに対して不安定なパッケージをインストールするように指示します。以下を保存しmake.confて実行して変更を完了します。
emerge -e system && emerge -e world
次の理由で、これは2回行われます。
- システムを初めて通過すると、不安定なパッケージが再構築されます。ツールチェーン、安定したツールチェーンを使用してください。
- システムを含む、世界中で2番目に不安定なツールチェーンがインストールされたすべてのパッケージだけでなく、安定したツールチェーンで構築されたという事実を排除します。デスクトップ（KDEなど）を搭載したシステムには、ほぼ1,400個のパッケージが含まれています。
さらに進むには、app-portage/eixバージョン番号で検索する別のインデックス作成ツールをインストールしようとします。9999 で終わるパッケージのバージョンである Live Ebuild をブロック解除してインストールします。。すべてのパッケージにLive Ebuildがあるわけではありませんが、すべてのパッケージには不安定な対応項目（たとえば、~amd64またはのパッケージ）があります~x86。最近再インストールしたが4年以上メンテナンスされたシステムの例（私は/home私/etc/portageと.これらの不安定なパッケージを使用する信頼性の高いシステムを実行するときのブレンドブランチは次のとおりです。
# I could restore this from backup
# but it needs cleaning so I'm
# rebuilding it from scratch
# Added Feb. 1, 2015
# Reason: Needed for Emptytree to Finish
# Package Name Arch
media-gfx/graphviz ~amd64
# Added Feb. 5, 2015
# Reason: Added for VirtualMachines
# Package Name Arch
app-emulation/winetricks ~amd64
dev-lang/ruby ~amd64
app-emulation/vagrant ~amd64
dev-ruby/racc ~amd64
dev-ruby/rdoc ~amd64
dev-ruby/i18n ~amd64
dev-ruby/rake ~amd64
dev-ruby/net-ssh ~amd64
dev-ruby/json ~amd64
dev-ruby/log4r ~amd64
dev-ruby/ffi ~amd64
dev-ruby/childprocess ~amd64
virtual/ruby-ssl ~amd64
virtual/rubygems ~amd64
dev-ruby/net-scp ~amd64
dev-lang/ruby ~amd64
app-eselect/eselect-ruby ~amd64
dev-ruby/rubygems ~amd64
# Added Feb 17, 2015
# Reason: World Update
# Package Name Arch
dev-ruby/minitest ~amd64
dev-ruby/power_assert ~amd64
dev-ruby/test-unit ~amd64
# Added Feb 20, 2015
# Reason: Required for Blender
# Package Name Arch
sci-libs/ldl ~amd64
media-gfx/blender ~amd64
# Added Feb 23, 2015
# Reason: Required for eclean-kernel
# Package Name Arch
dev-python/pymountboot ~amd64
app-admin/eclean-kernel ~amd64
# Added Feb 25, 2015
# Reason: Needed for net-lbs/ortp rebuild
# Package Name Arch
media-libs/mediastreamer ~amd64
# Added Mar 1, 2015
# Reason: Needed for Skype
# Package Name Arch
net-im/skype ~amd64
# Added Mar 30, 2015
# Reason: Needed for Switch to new multilib ABI
# Package Name Arch
dev-qt/qtcore:4 ~amd64
dev-qt/qtdbus:4 ~amd64
dev-qt/qttranslations:4 ~amd64
dev-qt/qtchooser:4 ~amd64
dev-qt/qtgui:4 ~amd64
dev-qt/qtwebkit:4 ~amd64
dev-qt/qtxmlpatterns:4 ~amd64
dev-qt/qt3support:4 ~amd64
dev-qt/qtsql:4 ~amd64
dev-qt/qtscript:4 ~amd64
dev-qt/qtdeclarative:4 ~amd64
dev-qt/qtnetwork:4 ~amd64
dev-qt/qttest:4 ~amd64
dev-qt/qtwidgets:4 ~amd64
dev-qt/qtsvg:4 ~amd64
dev-qt/qtopengl:4 ~amd64
dev-qt/designer:4 ~amd64
dev-qt/qt-meta:4 ~amd64
sys-devel/automake ~amd64
dev-libs/libgcrypt ~amd64
dev-libs/libgcrypt ~amd64
virtual/acl ~amd64
sys-devel/gettext ~amd64
sys-devel/automake-wrapper ~amd64
# Added Mar 31, 2015
# Reason: Added for Eve Online to work
# Package Name Arch
#x11-drivers/nvidia-drivers ~amd64
app-emulation/wine ~amd64
# Added Jun 29, 2015
# Reason: Added Native Plugin Suport
# Package Name Arch
www-plugins/pipelight ~amd64
# Added Jul 20, 2015
# Reason: Needed for new Stable dev-libs/boost. See Bug #540190
# Package Name Arch
sys-block/thin-provisioning-tools ~amd64
# Added Aug 11, 2015
# Reason: Added new Turn based RPG
# Package Name Arch
games-roguelike/tome4 ~amd64
# Added Sep. 9, 2015
# Reason: Trying Webmin
# Package Name Arch
app-admin/webmin ~amd64
dev-perl/Crypt-OpenSSL-DSA ~amd64
dev-perl/Net-DNS-SEC ~amd64
net-dns/dnssec-tools ~amd64
dev-perl/Authen-Libwrap ~amd64
dev-perl/Getopt-GUI-Long ~amd64
# Added Sep. 29, 2015
# Reason: Need newest Java for Minecraft
# Package Name Arch
dev-java/oracle-jdk-bin ~amd64
dev-java/oracle-jre-bin ~amd64
# Added Sep. 30, 2015
# Reason: Needed for Skype
# Package Name Arch
dev-libs/sni-qt ~amd64
# Added Jan. 12,2016
# Reason: Needed for World Update
# Package Name Arch
dev-ruby/net-telnet ~amd64
dev-ruby/did_you_mean ~amd64
# Added Jan. 27,2016
# Reason: Needed for World Update
# Package Name Arch
dev-ruby/abstract ~amd64
dev-ruby/erubis ~amd64
dev-ruby/rb-inotify ~amd64
dev-ruby/hashicorp-checkpoint ~amd64
dev-ruby/bundler ~amd64
dev-ruby/rest-client ~amd64
dev-ruby/net-sftp ~amd64
virtual/ruby-ffi ~amd64
dev-ruby/listen ~amd64
# Added Feb. 21, 2016
# Reason: Netbeans 8.1 supports PHP 5.6 and CakePHP 3.x
# Package Name Arch
dev-util/netbeans ~amd64
dev-java/jtidy ~amd64
dev-java/jcommander ~amd64
dev-java/netbeans-harness ~amd64
dev-java/netbeans-dlight ~amd64
dev-java/netbeans-webcommon ~amd64
dev-java/netbeans-websvccommon ~amd64
dev-java/netbeans-java ~amd64
dev-java/testng ~amd64
dev-java/netbeans-platform ~amd64
dev-java/netbeans-ide ~amd64
dev-java/netbeans-mobility ~amd64
dev-java/snakeyaml ~amd64
dev-java/netbeans-extide ~amd64
dev-java/netbeans-php ~amd64
dev-java/netbeans-apisupport ~amd64
dev-java/netbeans-cnd ~amd64
dev-java/netbeans-enterprise ~amd64
dev-java/netbeans-profiler ~amd64
dev-java/guice ~amd64
dev-java/netbeans-nb ~amd64
dev-java/iso-relax ~amd64
# Added Mar. 16, 2016
# Reason: See News Item 27, needed for long overdue World Update
# Package Name Arch
app-admin/apache-tools ~amd64
www-servers/apache ~amd64
# Added Mar.26, 2016
# Reason: Trying to fix Istaria
# Package Name Arch
app-emulation/playonlinux ~amd64
# Added Mar.26, 2016
# Reason: Finally Configuring CUPS
# Package Name Arch
net-print/hplip ~amd64
# Added Apr. 9, 2016
# Reason: Tools Needed for Systemd migration
# Package Name Arch
sys-kernel/genkernel-next ~amd64
sys-kernel/dracut ~amd64
# Added Apr. 11, 2016
# Reason: Needed for KDE Plasma Migration
# Using Exact Versions Will Fill the Gap until these are stabilized.
# Meta Packages
# Package Name Arch
=kde-apps/kdenetwork-meta-15.12.3-r1 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kde-apps-meta-15.12.3-r3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kdebase-runtime-meta-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kdeutils-meta-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kdeadmin-meta-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kdegames-meta-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kdegraphics-meta-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kdeedu-meta-15.12.3-r1 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kdemultimedia-meta-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kdecore-meta-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kdetoys-meta-15.08.3 ~amd64
# Packages in Meta Packages
# Package Name Arch
=kde-apps/kiten-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kiconfinder-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/klettres-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/step-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/libkdcraw-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/libkipi-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kwalletmanager-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/renamedlg-plugins-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/krfb-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kgeography-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/killbots-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/katomic-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/knavalbattle-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kreversi-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/artikulate-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kwrite-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kmahjongg-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kruler-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kshisen-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kollision-15.12.3-r1 ~amd64
=kde-apps/rocs-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kpat-15.12.3-r1 ~amd64
=kde-apps/ktimezoned-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kbreakout-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/okular-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kreadconfig-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kig-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kcolorchooser-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kdebase-menu-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/libkexiv2-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/solid-runtime-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kcharselect-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/dolphin-15.12.3-r1 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kteatime-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kamera-15.12.3 ~amd64
=dev-cpp/eigen-3.2.8-r2 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kdebugsettings-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kcron-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/ark-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kimgio-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kopete-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/knotify-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kioclient-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kigo-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/bomber-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/libkmahjongg-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/krdc-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/libkcddb-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/ktuberling-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kdebase-menu-icons-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kblackbox-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/ksystemlog-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kdebugdialog-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kmix-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/libkeduvocdocument-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kdf-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/phonon-kde-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/svgpart-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kolf-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kfourinline-15.12.3-r1 ~amd64
=kde-apps/filelight-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kturtle-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kdiamond-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kfile-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kiriki-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kcalc-15.12.3-r1 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kdebase-data-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kanagram-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kdenlive-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-plasma/kwallet-pam-5.6.2-r1 ~amd64
=kde-apps/ktimer-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kjumpingcube-15.12.3-r1 ~amd64
=kde-apps/sweeper-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/ktraderclient-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kurifilter-plugins-15.12.3 ~amd64
=media-libs/mlt-0.9.8-r2 ~amd64
=kde-apps/palapeli-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/klickety-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kmplot-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kapman-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/libkdegames-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/libksane-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kalzium-15.12.3-r2 ~amd64
=kde-apps/picmi-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/ffmpegthumbs-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kio-extras-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/klines-15.12.3 ~amd64
=media-video/movit-1.3.2 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kget-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/cantor-15.12.3-r1 ~amd64
=kde-apps/ksnakeduel-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/bovo-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kalgebra-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kajongg-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kolourpaint-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kbruch-15.12.3-r1 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kbounce-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kgoldrunner-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kblocks-15.12.3-r1 ~amd64
=kde-apps/knewstuff-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kcmshell-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kubrick-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/konquest-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/spectacle-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kde4-l10n-15.12.3-r1 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kscd-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kwordquiz-15.12.3-r1 ~amd64
=kde-apps/plasma-runtime-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/print-manager-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kdegraphics-mobipocket-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kdeedu-data-15.12.3-r1 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kwalletd-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/zeroconf-ioslave-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kmimetypefinder-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/thumbnailers-15.12.3 ~amd64
=dev-libs/grantlee-5.0.0 ~amd64
=kde-apps/juk-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/baloo-widgets-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kpasswdserver-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/ksirk-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kdontchangethehostname-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/granatier-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kstars-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kspaceduel-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/ktouch-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/ksudoku-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/keditfiletype-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/analitza-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/ksquares-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kqtquickcharts-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/audiocd-kio-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kate-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kremotecontrol-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/khangman-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/ksaneplugin-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kde-l10n-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/parley-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/knetwalk-15.12.3-r1 ~amd64
=kde-apps/konsole-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kstart-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/lskat-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/dragon-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/libkcompactdisc-15.12.3-r1 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kdebase-desktoptheme-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kmines-15.12.3-r1 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kdesu-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/blinken-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kquitapp-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/kdenetwork-filesharing-15.12.3 ~amd64
=kde-apps/gwenview-15.12.3 ~amd64
等号を使用すると、正確なバージョン管理が可能です。そのバージョンが安定すると、正しいバージョン管理が削除されます。 KDE5は最近安定版にアップグレードされましたが、apps-metaパッケージは不安定なバージョンに戻りました。2016-04-02 KDE Plasma 5 Upgradeその理由は、ニュース報道を参照してください。